A case of executive hypertension Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A case of executive hypertension - Essay Example Blood pressure illustrates arterial pressure on the systemic circulation (Samia 2010). A sphygmomanometer is the device that is applied in measuring arterial pressure. d) Systolic pressure is generated by the contraction of the left ventricle. The pressure is normally between 100 and 140 mmHg. Blood that flows to the aorta through the left ventricle increases aortic pressure to the same level as the left ventricle (Neubauer 2007). f) Heart valves prevent blood from flowing backwards. The valves involve flaps which are based at the end of the ventricles (Newburger 2009). The valves are one way blood inlets on one ventricle side, and one way outlet on the other ventricle side. The four heart valves are; tricuspid valve, aortic valve, pulmonary valve and mitral valve. g) Stenosis occurs when the blood flow from the heart is reduced through the failure of the valve to completely open. If the valves do not close completely, it results to pulmonary regurgitation that enables blood to leak back to the ventricles (Davis 2008). Regurgitation enables the right ventricle to relatively harder in comparison to the left part of the heart. h) Low systolic pressure illustrates abnormally low blood pressure in the arteries. Very low blood pressure restricts the volume of blood that flows through vital organs, and thus causes dizziness and fainting. High systolic pressure occurs if the reading is more than 140mmHg. It is caused by conditions like artery stiffness and the heart valve problems (Ross 2011). i) Denises initial reading 150/95mmHg blood pressure. The reading illustrates high pressure because it is more than 140/90mmHg (Talley 2013). The hypertension is due to the high blood pressure, and can cause stroke and heart attack. j) Denises has high blood pressure because of diet and lifestyle. Hypertension may also be due to genetics and family history (Samia 2010). Stress levels at the workplace, can also lead to

Economics Aeropostale Essay Example for Free

Economics Aeropostale Essay In March 2007, AÃ ©ropostale was accused of infringing a patent owned by Card Activation Technologies, Inc. in a lawsuit filed in the Northern District of Illinois. However, in a separate lawsuit on the same patent, Card Activation received a ruling on claim construction which it interpreted as extremely favorable to its interpretation of the patent and its pursuit of infringers of the patent. In June 2007, AÃ ©ropostale was accused of infringing a patent owned by Picture Patents, LLC in a lawsuit filed in the Southern District of New York. In July 2009, AÃ ©ropostale was accused of infringing a patent owned by Furnace Brook, LLC in a lawsuit filed in the Northern District of Illinois Executive Vice President and Chief Merchandising Officer Christopher Finazzo was terminated in November 2006 after an investigation by the Board of Directors revealed that he had concealed and failed to disclose personal and business interests with South Bay Apparel, a major vendor. The SEC issued an investigation on the Finazzo matter in January 2008. Aeropostale, also under the name Aero, is an American clothing retailer that was founded in 1987 and is headquartered in New York. There are a number of reasons Aeropostale started their own business. When you start a business its a good idea to have a business plan that outlines your goals and objectives for the short term and long term. A business plan serves as a blueprint designed to help you grow and develop your business, and ultimately helps shield it from failure. Kara, Postale started the company then Sara(aera) (Karas sister came along) thats how the company got started. So they put there last name and first name together and it turned out to be Sarah postale but they didn’t like that name in 1985 then they changed it to aeropostale because it sounded better and that started in 1987.

Heat Orchestration

Heat Orchestration Chapeter 5Â  Heat Orchestration 5.1 Brief Details of Heat Heat is the main project for orchestration part of OpenStack. Implementation of orchestration engine for multiple composite cloud application. It is the sequence of lines code in text file format. A native heat format can be evolving, but heat also endeavors to provide compatibility with AWS cloud information template format so that many existing cloud formation template can be launch on OpenStack. Heat provide both open stack rest API and cloud formation compatible query API. The orchestration is essentially for the software application. To manage configuration. Instead of manipulation of virtual infrastructure by hand or with the script Heat focuses to work with the declarative model. Heat works out on the sequence of lines to perform and to bring reality in to model. The model takes the heat template and the resulting collective of infrastructure resources is known as the stack. Orches,ration allows you to treat your infrastructure like code. Therefore you can store your templates version control system, such as GIT to track changes then you update the stack with the new template and heat do the rest of the actions. The main interface of heat is the OpenStack native rest API. Heat actually is between the user and the API of the core OpenStack services. In much the same way as the dashboard or the horizon does. Heat can be access through the horizon or the dashboard. Heat template describes the cloud application infrastructure in the code format that is changeable. The heat infrastructure resources include servers, floating IP, volume, security groups, and users. 5.2 Auto Scaling Heat also provides auto scaling that integrates with ceilometer. Ceilometer adds scaling group as the resource within templates. Furthermore, the template, defines the relationship between two Auto scaling by heat integrated with ceilometer that leads to add scaling group in template. The templates defines the relationship between two resources. It also able heat to call OpenStack API in order to make everything systematic. Openstack also manage the whole lifecycle of the application. You need to do the modification in the code for existing stack and heat deals with the rest in order to change something. Heat architecture components include: Heat API It is used for processing API request to Heat engine via AMQP. It implements an Open stack-native RESTful API HEAT-api-cfnit is used API compatibility with AWS cloud formation. HEAT ENGINE is main orchestration functionality. Heat uses back-end database for maintaining state information as other OpenStack services. Both communicate with heat engine via ANQ. The heat engine is the actual layer where actual integration is implemented. Furthermore, for high availability, Auto scaling abstraction is also done. Auto Scaling Heat Templates In this auto scaling example, Heat and Ceilometer will be used to scale CPU bound virtual machines. Heat has the concept of a stack which is simply the environment itself. The Heat stack template describes the process or logic around how a Heat stack will be built and managed. This is where you can create an auto-scaling group and configure Ceilometer thresholds. The environment template explains how to create the stack itself, what image or volume to use, network configuration, software to install and everything an instance or instances need to properly function. You can put everything into the Heat stack template, but separating the Heat stack template from the environment is much cleaner, at least in more complex configurations such as auto scaling. 5.3 Deployment of Heat Orchestration 5.3.1Â  ENVIRONMENT TEMPLATE Below we will create an environment template for a cirros image.As shown in FIG.5.3. The Cirros image will create the instance template, configure a cinder volume, add IP from the private network, add floating IP from the public network, add the security group, private ssh-key and generate 100% CPU load through user-data. Hot is the new template format that to replace the Heat CloudFormation-Compatible format as native format supported by heat.They are written in YAML format and JSON. Hot templates create Stack in Heat. Structure for Hot consist of Heat Template version, description, parameter groups, parameters, resources, and outputs. Heat Template Version: Is just value with the key that indicates that the YAML document is a hot template of the specific version, if the date is 2013-05-23 or later date.Shown in FIG 5.1 Fig.5.1 (Heat Template version) Description: Its an optional key allows for giving a description of the template. Fig.5.2 (Description of heat template) Parameters_groups: This section allows for specifying how the input parameters should be grouped and order to provide the parameter in. This option is also optional Parameter: This section allows for specifying input parameters that have to provide when instantiating the templates. This option is also optional as well Outputs: This part allows for specifying output parameters available to users once the template has been instantiated. Resources: It defines actual resources that are real stack from HOT template (instance for Compute, Network, Storage Volume).Each resource is defined as a separate block in input parameters. As shown in FIG 5.3 there are five separate sections. Servers, port, volume, floating IP Resource ID: must always be unique for every section Resource Types: Must relate to the service that section of template define Such as the following Nova:: Server Neutron:: Port Neutron:: FloatingIP Neutron:: FloatingIPAssociation Cinder:: Volume Properties: It is a list of resource specific property defines via the function. FIG.5.3 (Heat Template Resources) Now that we have an environment template, we need to create a Heat resource type and link it above file /etc/heat/templates/cirros_base.yaml. resource_registry: OS::Nova::Server::Cirros: file:///etc/heat/templates/cirros_base.yaml 5.3.2Â  Heat Template: The below template in FIG.5.4 defines the behavior of the stack e.g when and under what conditions the stack will scale up and scale down. cpu_alarm_high and cpu_alarm_low are used in the template to scale up and scale down our environment. FIG.5.4 (Behavior Of Stack) Update Ceilometer Collection Interval By default, Ceilometer will collect CPU data from instances every 10 minutes. For this example, we want to change that to 60 seconds. Change the interval to 60 in the pipeline.YAML file and restart OpenStack services. Check the status of the stack in Horizon Dashboard: Heat will create one instance as per defined policy: 5.3.3Â  RUNNING THE STACK: Run the following command to run the stack: [[emailprotected] ~(keystone_admin)]# heat stack-create heat_autoscale -f /root/heat_autoscale.YAML -e /root/environment.yaml Check the status of the stack in Horizon Dashboard as in FIG 5.4: FIG5.5 (Heat stack status ) In FIG 5.5 and FIG 5.6 shows the heat stack topology and resources, Events are also shown in FIG 5.6 FIG 5.6 (Heat Stack Topology) FIG 5.7 (Heat Stack Resources) FIG 5.8 (Heat Stack Events) Heat will create one instance as per defined policy in FIG 5.7: FIG 5.9 (Heat Stack Instance) Automatic Scale UP: Now we will increase the cpu utilization on one of the instances and will verify if heat autoscales the environment or not. To do that run the following commands one the instance that heat created from the stack. As shown in FIG 5.8. FIG 5.10 (Heat Autoscaling) The heat created two more instances based defined policy in the orchestration template. This is because the maximum scale up policy is 3 instances. As shown in FIG 5.8. FIG 5.11 (Two Instance base on policy) List of volumes that heat created based on defined policy threshold as shown in FIG 5.9: FIG.5.12 (Volumes that heat created based on defined policy) New Network Topology after adding instances to the private network in FIG 5.10 FIG 5.13 (Heat Topology after 2 instances) 5.3.4Â  SCALE DOWN: Scale down is the process in heat. Heat automatically scales down once the CPU utilization goes down on the instances. As the load goes back to normal and CPU cools down. The extra instances that were appeared to overcome the load will go back to one instance and all instances will be used efficiently through this way. In our scenario instance aw7blqnbabc2 is the original instance and the rest instances are to overcome the load.

Husserl’s Conceptions of Formal Mathematics Essay -- Edmund Husserl Ma

Husserl’s Conceptions of Formal Mathematics Edmund Husserl’s conception of mathematics was a unique blend of Platonist and formalist ideas. He believed that mathematics had reached a mixed state combining Platonic and formal elements and that both were important for the pursuit of the sciences, as well as for each other. However, he seemed to believe that only the Platonic aspects had significance for his science of phenomenology. Because of the significance of the distinction between these two types of mathematics, I will always use one of the adjectives â€Å"material† or â€Å"formal† when discussing any branch of mathematics, unless I specifically mean to include both. First, I must specify what I mean by each of these terms. By material mathematics, I will mean mathematics as it had traditionally been done before the conceptions of imaginary numbers and non-Euclidean geometry. Thus, any branch of material mathematics seeks to describe how some class of existing things actually behaves. So material geometry seeks to describe how objects lie in space, material number theory seeks to describe how the actual natural numbers are related, and material logic seeks to describe how concepts actually relate to one another. Some of these areas (like material geometry) seek to deal with the physical world, while others (like material logic) deal with abstract objects, so I avoid using the word â€Å"Platonic†, which suggests only the latter. By formal mathematics, I will mean mathematics done as is typical in the 20th century, purely axiomatically, without regard to what sorts of objects it might actually describe. Thus, for formal geometry it is irrel evant whether the objects described are physical objects in actual space, or n-tuples of real nu... ... Bouvier, Bonn, 1981. Tieszen, Richard L. â€Å"Mathematical Intuition: Phenomenology and Mathematical Knowledge†. Kluwer, Boston, 1989. Zalta, Ed. â€Å"Frege’s Logic, Theorem and Foundations for Arithmetic†. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/frege-logic/ Footnotes 1. Lohmar, p. 14 2. However, this claim is itself a material claim of the truth of a statement in material logic, i.e. that the given statement follows from the given axioms, when this statement and these axioms are viewed as actual objects in our reasoning system. 3. Husserl, p. 16 4. Fà ¸llesdal, in Hintikka, p. 442 5. Hill, p. 153 6. Husserl, p. xxiii 7. Husserl, p. 161 8. Gà ¶del, p. 385 9. Husserl, p. 163-4 10. Husserl, p. 167-8 11. Husserl, p. 169 12. Husserl, p. 168-9 13. Husserl, p. 136 14. Gà ¶del, p. 385 15. See Zalta’s discussion of Basic Law V. home

Geography Assessment Fertility and Mortality

1. Suggest & explain why, within a country, crude birth rate varies over time. Use named examples and evidence to support your answer. In the 19th century most countries had a very high birth rate. Since then different countries birth rate has changed and this is mainly because the government implement different polices towards their population. One set of polices is a pro-natal view and this encourages the population to have children and fertility is promoted. One reason for increasing fertility is to compensate for wartime losses for example France in 1918 after the First World War. Germany additionally applied a pro natal strategy to promote Nazi Germany as they wanted to encourage a particular race in pursuit of racially motivated polices. Also, in Japan they want to preserve the labor force from an ageing population and recently they have seen a rise in the birth rate for the first time in six years. Governments have also applied two types of Anti-natal policies to their country and these can be either voluntary or coercive. Voluntary polices include spreading information about family planning clinics with funding form the World Health Organization. They reach out to try and persuade the population to keep below a certain number of children. The earliest examples are in India and Pakistan and now Indonesia is following in their footsteps with setting up 2000 family planning clinics. However some governments turned to an involuntary anti-natal policy, Chinas one child policy is an example of this but researchers are realizing today that even though it may have been strict at the time they have come to understand that it has had very little impact on the population at all. China had and is stilling having a major population crisis. It was introduced in 1979 and if families followed this policy they received free education, health care, pensions and family benefits but these would be taken away if the couple has more than one child. However, the scheme has caused a number of problems in China. This is particularly the case for hundreds of thousands of young females. Many thousands of young girls have been abandoned by their parents as the result of the one child policy. This is because many parents in China prefer to have a boy to carry on the family name. As a result large numbers of girls have either ended up in orphanages, homeless or in some cases killed. The policy has had little impact on the population, it was already decreasing from 1970 – 1979 and had dropped from 34 per 1000 to 18 per 1000 and is now 14 per 1000. It has only gone down 4 per 1000 over 28 years and it has been resisted strongly by the people especially in rural areas as there are not enough people to work on farms. There have also been some changing polices for example in Singapore. From 1965-1987 they introduced a ‘stop at two' campaign this was designed to improve the quality of life for the Singaporean people as the live on such a small island. However the scheme changed dramatically as the government saw the population was the only asset it had. Advance in technology have allowed Singapore to do well in the global economy this is also because of its highly educated population. However now the fertility is continuing to drop and is starting to go into an ageing population. To try and increase the TRF they have introduced incentives for more children and the baby bonus scheme. This includes things such as when have a second child the government will open a children development account and money will be added to the account. Governments mainly influence the birth rates within a country because of the different policies they set in place. 2. Suggest & explain reasons why crude birth rates vary between countries at different levels of economic development There are many reasons why birth rates vary between countries which are at different levels of economic development. LEDC's tend to have very high birth rates and this is because of lack of education about family planning and contraception. In places such as Tanzania there is no access to contraception and therefore the birth rate is high at 39 per 1000. In MEDC's contraception is widely available and there this will make the birth rate decrease. You are able to buy all forms of contraception and in MEDC's people are very well educated on them and how to use them. Also, in LEDC's children are economic assets the more children you have the great income the family will gain. This is because at a very young age children are able to work on farms and earn money for the family. However, in present day this is even seen less in LEDC's as more and more children are trying to go to school to get an education. Where as in an MEDC children are known as economic burdens, they do not start working until 18 and live off there parents until then. Children in MEDC's expect a lot more in there youth such as a good education, clothes, pocket and the general living expenses for food and clothes is much more expensive than in an LEDC. Another reason that birth rates are very high in LEDC's compared to MEDC's is because there is a high infant mortality rate in most LEDC's. Sierra Leone has an infant mortality rate of 160 deaths per 1000 live births. This means that the more children a woman has then there is greater chance of survival for one of them to grow up till adult level. This is generally because of the lack of medical care available in LEDC's where as in a MEDC there is easy access to medical attention. Most babies' die of malnutrition or malaria and these are both easy dealt with in an MEDC however it is much more difficult in a place such as Kenya. In MEDC's there is lower birth rate because women's role society has changed over time. In present day a lot of women are going through higher education onto university and ready to start careers before settling down. This leads to having children later when they are older which to there ‘fertility window' being limited or not at all. Women's role in society is also linked very closely to children becoming economic burdens. Couples cannot afford having a lot of children as it is too expensive leading to smaller families with fewer children. However, the difference between LEDC and MEDC birth rates are becoming more alike. Since 2000 the total fertility rate in LEDC's are dramatically decreasing. In 2000 Ethiopia's the TRF was 7.07 and now in 2007 this has decreased to 5.10 and the same is happening in Saudi Arabia going from 6.39 children down to 3.94. However, MEDC's birth rate is also decreasing and going into an ageing population, Finland going from a Total Fertility rate of 2.04 down to 1.73 showing that the rate is now below replacement level. 3. Suggest & explain why, within a country, crude death rate varies over time. In the UK the death rate has been fluctuating since the beginning of the 18th century. The death rate was steady decreasing in the second half of the 18th century however, in the start of the 19th century this started to change. Firstly, there was a war in France although this death count was nothing compared to the deaths caused by the potato famine in 1845 over 1 million people died from starvation and disease in Ireland because of failure of the potato crop. However the death rate continued to rise from the outbreak of cholera in 1848 when over 13,000 people died. At the time there was no cure for the disease and no body new the cause of it. Before 1820 a lot of the population was insolvent and was dying because of starvation however since 1760 major advances in agriculture was made. Selective breeding was starting to occur and was soon producing ‘superior' animals. New vegetable such as carrots were being grown and the land was becoming much more productive. This then had a reflection on the life expectancy and was now more than 40 years. However, social class was definitely affecting the death rate. Research has shown that more affluent areas had a lower death rate than working class and this could be linked to poorer housing conditions which meant that disease is able to spread quicker and affect more people. In 1843 the life expectancy in Manchester was just 24 years old and with the over crowding and lack of hygiene allowed many diseases to multiply such as tuberculosis and typhus fever. Water became very contaminated and people would drink this and become very sick. Nevertheless, medical developments started to be discovered and soon enough a cure for smallpox was found. Small pox was responsible for over 21/2 million people a year and 1 in 13 children would die from it, it was the world's most feared disease. Since then medical care kept improving and they established anesthetic for operations and penicillin to kill bacteria. National Health Service was introduced in 1948 to cover the population's medical needs. In the 20th century the death rate continued to decline despite the wars and weapons and the life expectancy had risen to 75 years. However, now we have new medical issues to worry about since AIDS is the new feared disease and cancer seems to be striking more and more. However, within a country certain ages migrate to certain areas of the country for example there is a higher death rate in the south coast of England because there are lots of retirement centers down there and many people of the older generation move there for the scenery, quietness and relaxation as they do not want to retire in a city. The futures death path is undecided no one can predict what will happen. With the UK now becoming the fattest nation in Europe it seems that they have fight obesity as well. Two-thirds of men and almost 60% of women are unhealthily heavy and if nothing changes, nearly a third of boys and girls aged under 11 will be overweight or obese by 2010. With unhealthy diets, little exercise and fast food it seems like the new epidemic to beat is obesity. 4. Why do crude death rates vary between countries at different levels of economic development? Death rates between countries with different levels of economic development because of many reasons. Firstly, in LEDC's there is a much higher death rate than in MEDC's, one reason for this is access to clean water, sanitation and a reliable food supply. MEDC's have a much more reliable food supply than countries such as Ethiopia and because of this many people there die of starvation or malnutrition. The developed world has more money and infrastructure to control sewage and water filtration to make sure that water is clean and drinkable. Food has become more widely available with reliable with application of fertilisers, pesticides and agro-chemicals. In MEDC's the land area required to grow crops has decreased substantially yet the yield outputs have increased also intensive farming methods have been introduced such as the green revolution in the EU. Also, medical care in MEDC's is of a higher standard compared to LEDC's. More and more vaccinations are being introduced in MEDC's to prevent diseases and this also helps to lower the infant mortality as well as the death rate. People in MEDC's also have a higher life expectancy which lowers the death rate as people are living for longer. Disease control shows the development and access to medication. If there is good access to medical care then there is a low number of population per doctor. Somewhere such as the UK with 300 pop per doc has a better access to medical care than Ethiopia with a pop per doc of 32 499! Advances in medical technology have also helped reduce the death rate such as keyhole surgery and antibiotics. Also, some countries have a National Health Service such as the UK this means that any medical attention is free. Many LEDC's do not have this and a lot of the population cannot afford doctors which therefore mean there is a greater risk of dying from curable diseases.

Medical Scenario

MEDICAL SCENARIO FOR PARTS 1 & 2 FINAL PROJECT Assignment Reading: 1. AMBULATORY CARE FACE SHEET Admit Date: 7/8/20XX @ 20:22 Discharge Date/Time: 7/9/20XX @ 10:10 Sex: M Age: 47 Disposition: Home Admitting Diagnosis: Possible torn meniscus of the left knee. Discharge Diagnosis: Left Knee meniscectomy. Procedures: Laparoscopic Surgery to the Left Knee. CONSULTATION Date of Consultation: 7/8/20XX This is a 47-year-old male who was in his usual state of health until today entered the Emergency Room with severe pain to his left knee and equal amount of edema within the patellar area.This occurred after the patient fell at an angle on the left knee during a game of football with friends. The patient was evaluated with L-Knee Radiograph and Magnetic Radiograph Imaging (MRI) for soft-tissue films. The L-Knee X-Ray revealed no fractures to the Femur, Patella, Tibia, or Fibula. The MRI revealed a large tear surrounding the meniscus of the left knee. The patient was treated with a left knee s plint and crutches with a prescription for Mobic 15mg daily and Tramadol/APAP 37. 5 mg every 4-6 hours for pain. The patient was referred to Orthopedics for surgical repair.He has no past history of tobacco abuse, previous fractures, or surgeries. 2. Past Medical History: Allergies: No known drug allergies. Medications: None. Surgeries: None Medical History: History of Chronic Otitis Externa Family History: Noncontributory. Review of Systems: No medical abnormalities. Physical Examination: Vital Signs: BP 130/80, P 92, T 98. 5 General: This is a well-developed and well-nourished anxious black male in mild distress. Head and neck are normocephalic and the oropharynx is clear. The left knee shows 5+ edema and patient is unable to bend at knee joint connection.The patient’s left leg is not weight bearing and the pain level continues to be a 6 to 7 on the pain scale. The patient is using crutches and wheelchair for mobility. All other musculoskeletal joints are with free range of motion. Neurologic with no focal deficits. Impression: Inpatient laparoscopic surgery for total left knee meniscectomy. Local anesthetic total block of the patellar region. 3. OPERATIVE REPORT Date of Procedure: 7/8/20XX Procedure: Laparoscopic Meniscectomy of Left Knee Preoperative Medication: Demerol 50 mg IV, Robinal 3 mg IV, Xylocaine with 1% Epinephrine Preoperative Diagnosis: . Total Left Knee Meniscus Tear. Postoperative Diagnosis: Laparoscopic Meniscectomy of Left Knee Clinical Note: This is a 47-year-old black male with a total meniscus tear of the left knee caused by a causal game of tag football. The patient felt a pop after falling on the left knee at an angle causing severe pain and edema. The patient was taken to the emergency room for x-rays of the left leg and MRI to the left patellar region. He was referred to the othropedics clinic for laparoscopic surgery to the left knee meniscus.Findings: After obtaining informed consent, he was premedicated with Demerol, Robin al, Xylocaine with 1% Epinephrine without any complications. The patients’ left knee was laparoscoped in the meniscus and the anterolateral and anteromedial parapatellar portholes. The synovium in the suprapatellar pouch showed moderate to severe inflammatory changes with villi formation and hyperemia. Similar changes were noted in the intercondylar groove. The patient tolerated the procedure well, and his post-procedure vital signs are stable. Recommendations: 1. Clear liquids for 24 hours. 2. Follow-up in the office in 2 days.